電燈泡 2007-6-21 15:09
副詞是指修飾動詞，形容詞及其他副詞的字：
副詞是指修飾動詞，形容詞及其他副詞的字：
* 動詞 (He drove slowly. -- How did he drive?)
* 形容詞 (He drove a very fast car. -- How fast was his car?)
* 另一副詞 (She moved quite slowly down the aisle. -- How slowly did she move?)
正如我們所見到的，副詞通常是敘述事情在何時，何地，為何或在何種情況下發生 (將發生或已發生)。副詞大多以 -ly 做字尾；然而，許多未以 -ly 做字尾的字和片語卻具有副詞的功能，而一個以 -ly 做字尾的字並不保證它一定是副詞。例如，lovely, lonely, motherly, friendly, neighborly 等字是形容詞：
* That lovely woman lives in a friendly neighborhood.
如果一組包含一個主詞和動詞的字當做副詞用，那麼它被稱為副詞主句：
* When this class is over, we're going to the movies.
當一組不含主詞和動詞的字當做副詞用時，它就叫做副詞片語。介系詞片語通常具有副詞的功能 (表示地方和時間)：
* He went to the movies.
* She works on holidays.
而不定詞片語也可做為副詞 (通常表示原因)：
* She hurried to the mainland to see her brother.
但還有其他種類的副詞片語：
* He calls his mother as often as possible.
副詞可以修飾形容詞，但形容詞不能修飾副詞。因此，我們可以說 "the students showed a really wonderful attitude."，"the students showed a wonderfully casual attitude." 和 "my professor is really tall."，但不能說 "He ran real fast."。
跟形容詞一樣，副詞也可以使用比較級和最高級來表示程度與等級。
* Walk faster if you want to keep up with me.
* The student who reads fastest will finish first.
我們經常將 more 和 most，less 和 least 跟副詞一起使用來表示程度等級：
* With sneakers on, she could move more quickly among the patients.
* The flowers were the most beautifully arranged creations I've ever seen.
* She worked less confidently after her accident.
* That was the least skillfully done performance I've seen in years.
as -- as 結構可用來產生表示相同或相等的副詞："He can't run as fast as his sister."。
若干副詞具有兩種型態，一是字尾加 -ly，另一則沒有 -ly。在某些情況中，這兩種型態的意思不同：
* He arrived late.
* Lately, he couldn't seem to be on time for anything.
但在大部分的情況中，字尾沒有 -ly 的型態應使用在臨時、偶然的情況：
* She certainly drives slow in that old Buick of hers.
* He did wrong by her.
* He spoke sharp, quick, and to the point.
